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Risking Lives: AIDS, Security and Three Concepts of Risk

Stefan Elbe

Department of International Relations, University of Sussex, UK, s.elbe{at}sussex.ac.uk

This article analyses the conjunctures of risk and security that have recently emerged in the securitization of HIV/AIDS. Although these partially corroborate Ulrich Beck's notion of risk society, important elements of the securitization of HIV/AIDS resist his understanding of risk as a `danger of modernization'. The article therefore turns to François Ewald's alternative theorization of risk as a `neologism of insurance', and shows that insurance is a risk-based security practice widely used to manage the welfare of populations. Such a biopolitical approach to risk is also valuable for analysing the securitization of HIV/AIDS, which, even though it is unfolding outside the domain of insurance, similarly draws upon multiple risk categories (`security risks', `risk groups' and `risk factors') in efforts to improve the collective health of populations. Analysed through a wider concept of risk as a `biopolitical rationality', the conjuncture of risk and security in the securitization of HIV/AIDS thus emerges as a principal site where the institutions of sovereign power in international relations are being absorbed and integrated within a wider biopolitical economy of power.

Key Words: AIDS • biopolitics • risk • security • UNAIDS

Security Dialogue, Vol. 39, No. 2-3, 177-198 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/0967010608088774
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[Abstract] [PDF]